харидан

харидан: to buy

Бояд билет харам.
I need to buy a ticket.
Мо лимӯ хариданӣ будем, аммо дар бозор лимӯ набудааст.
We wanted to buy a lemon, but in the market there weren’t any lemons.

Bonus:
фурӯхтан: to sell
харидор: buyer
харидуфурӯш: trade
On the Talk Tajik Today website you can search Word of the Day by tag. For example, if you want to see all of the other verbs that have been used click on the verb tag, or click here: verbs.

ҷавоб додан

ҷавоб додан: to answer

Шумо пурсед, ман ҷавоб медиҳам.
You ask, I will answer.
Вай ба ман ҷавоб надод.
He didn’t answer me.
Ҷавоб диҳед!
Answer!

Bonus:
ҷавоб: an answer
додан: to give
ҷавоб додан: to give an answer
Synonyms: посух додан
Ҷавоб додан can also mean to release or let go. It can be used to let somebody leave work at the end of the day or to leave hospital.

такя кардан

такя кардан: to lean

Дар вақти таом хӯрдан такя накун ва ё дароз накаш.
While eating a meal, don’t lean or lie down.
Аврупо дигар наметавонад ба Амрико ва Бритониё такя кунад.
Europe can no longer lean on America and Great Britain.

Bonus:
Такя кардан had be used to mean actually leaning on something (like a wall or a desk) or figuratively leaning on something (like a person or one’s own strength). Examples of both are given. We could also translate the latter as “to rely on”.

рафтан

рафтан: to go

Дигар ба он ҷо нарав!
Don’t go there again!
Меравам, то барои шумо ҷой тайёр кунам.
I will go to prepare a place for you.

Bonus:
Need practice with the verb рафтан? Try this Substitution Drill with рафтан.
Рафтан is also used as a helper verb. Here are some examples –
хоб рафтан: to sleep
аз даст рафтан: to lose
аз ёд рафтан: to forget
хун рафтан: to bleed

доштан

доштан: to have

Ҳар як шабонарӯз бисту чор соат дорад.
Every day has twenty-four hours.
Онҳо дар дасташон ҳеҷ чиз надоштанд.
They didn’t have anything in their hands.

Bonus:
Доштан can also be a helper verb, for example:
гап доштан – to have something to say;
нигоҳ доштан – to keep, to raise, as in гов нигоҳ доштан (to raise cattle)

тамом кардан

тамом кардан: to finish

Муаллим, дарсҳояшро тамом карда, ба хона рафт.
The teacher, finishing her lessons, went home.
Вай корашро тамом накарда, ба кӯча баромад.
He went out on the street without finishing his work.

Bonus:

Synonyms: ба охир расонидан, буд кардан (work), хатм кардан (school)

тамом: all, whole

A simpler way to say the first sentence would be, “Муаллим дарсҳояшро тамом кард ва ба хона рафт.”
But Tajiks often string their verbs together as in these two examples without using the word “ва” (and).

фаҳмидан

фаҳмидан: to understand

Шумо ҳеҷ чизро намефаҳмед!
You don’t understand anything!
Агар бештар хонед, бештар мефаҳмед.
If you read more, you will understand more.

Bonus:
Note – хондан can also mean to study, so you could also translate the second sentence as “If you study more, you will understand more”.
Words related to фаҳмидан:
фаҳмиш: understanding, intelligence (noun)
фаҳмо: understandable, clear (adj.)

зиндагӣ кардан

зиндагӣ кардан: to live

Шумо дар куҷо зиндагӣ мекунед?
Where do you live?
Ӯ дар ҳавлие зиндагӣ мекард, ки боғчаи хубе дошт.
He lived in a (house with a) yard that had a nice little garden.

Bonus:
Synonyms: зистан, умр дидан
A little tip I learned recently. If you want to find out which of two words is more common just do a google search for them both and compare number of results. In this case I googled the same tense of these three verbs – “зиндагӣ карданд” 1460; “зистанд” 767; “умр диданд” 28.

чарх задан

чарх задан: to spin, to rotate, to circle

Замин дар гирди офтоб чарх мезанад.
The earth rotates around the sun.

Самолёт дар болои қишлоқ ду-се бор чарх заду поён фуромад.
The plane circled above the village two or three times and landed.


Bonus:
Synonyms: гирд гаштан, давр задан
Something else that spins – чархофалак. This word is used for all kinds of spinning rides found at amusement parks.