talktajik

биринҷӣ

биринҷӣ: bronze

Паҳлавони тоҷик дар қаҳрамонии ҷаҳон дар Чили медали биринҷӣ гирифт.
The Tajik champion got the bronze medal in the world championships in Chile.
То имрӯз аз рӯи ҳисоби медалҳо ИМА бо 15 медал (4 тилло, 5 нуқра, 6 биринҷӣ) пешсаф аст.
To date according to the medal count the USA is leading with 15 medals (4 gold, 5 silver, 6 bronze).

Bonus:
Биринҷӣ is also an adjective meaning “of rice, ricey, made of rice”.
Асри биринҷӣ: Bronze Age

пахтачинӣ

пахтачинӣ: cotton picking

Бо шукуфтани пахта мо ба пахтачинӣ баромадем.
With the blooming of the cotton, we went out cotton-picking.
Дар Тоҷикистон мавсими пахтачинӣ оғоз ёфт.
In Tajikistan the season of cotton picking began.

Bonus:

пахта: cotton
Somebody who picks cotton, a cotton picker, is пахтачин.
This compound word is formed from the noun пахта (cotton) and the verb stem of чиндан (to pick).
Adding the suffix ӣ forms the new word, пахтачинӣ (cotton-picking).
Another word ending with чинӣ –
гулчинӣ: flower-picking

марказ: centre

Деҳаи мо маркази район аст.
Our village is the centre of the region.
Душанбе шаҳри калонтарини ҷумҳурӣ, маркази илму фарҳанг, пойтахти Тоҷикистон мебошад.
Dushanbe is the largest city in the country, the centre of science and culture, the capital of Tajikistan.

Bonus:
маркази савдо: shopping centre, a large shop
Add the suffix ӣ to make this word an adjective. Example:
ҳукумати марказӣ: central government

ҳеч чиз

ҳеч чиз: nothing

Ҳеҷ кас ва ҳеҷ чиз фаромӯш намешавад!
Nobody and nothing will be forgotton!
Наметарасам аз ҳеҷ чиз.
I am scared of nothing.

Bonus:
Tajik is a language that uses double negatives, so when using ҳеҷ чиз you also have to put the negative prefix на on the verb. When translating to English, then, we can translate two ways deciding which word in English will take the negative. So the second sample sentence can be translated “I am scared of nothing” or “I am not scared of anything”.
Forgetting to use the double negative is a common mistake for English speakers who are learning Tajik. Tajiks who are beginning to learn English will also make the same mistake which is why they might say something like, “I am not scared of nothing”.

ҷавоб додан

ҷавоб додан: to answer

Шумо пурсед, ман ҷавоб медиҳам.
You ask, I will answer.
Вай ба ман ҷавоб надод.
He didn’t answer me.
Ҷавоб диҳед!
Answer!

Bonus:
ҷавоб: an answer
додан: to give
ҷавоб додан: to give an answer
Synonyms: посух додан
Ҷавоб додан can also mean to release or let go. It can be used to let somebody leave work at the end of the day or to leave hospital.

волидайн

волидайн: parents

Таълиму тарбияи фарзанд вазифаи асосии волидайн аст.
Teaching and raising a child is the main job of parents.
Аксарияти волидайн ба рафтору кирдори фарзанди худ аҳамияти ҷиддӣ намедиҳанд.
Most parents don’t pay serious attention to the behaviour of their own child.

Bonus:
Notice the same three root consonants (в, л, д) as in таваллуд (birth).
It is more common when speaking to say модару падар (mother and father) than it is to say волидайн.

такя кардан

такя кардан: to lean

Дар вақти таом хӯрдан такя накун ва ё дароз накаш.
While eating a meal, don’t lean or lie down.
Аврупо дигар наметавонад ба Амрико ва Бритониё такя кунад.
Europe can no longer lean on America and Great Britain.

Bonus:
Такя кардан had be used to mean actually leaning on something (like a wall or a desk) or figuratively leaning on something (like a person or one’s own strength). Examples of both are given. We could also translate the latter as “to rely on”.

хизмат

хизмат: service

Хизмат ба Ватан қарзи ҳар ҷавонмард аст.
Service to the homeland is the duty of every young man.
Ҳангоме ки рӯзҳои хизматаш ба анҷом расиданд, ба хонаи худ рафт.
When the days of his service came to an end, he went to his home.

Bonus:
Alternative spelling: хидмат
Somebody who is doing service is хизматгор or хидматгор.
хизмати ҳарбӣ: military service

рафтан

рафтан: to go

Дигар ба он ҷо нарав!
Don’t go there again!
Меравам, то барои шумо ҷой тайёр кунам.
I will go to prepare a place for you.

Bonus:
Need practice with the verb рафтан? Try this Substitution Drill with рафтан.
Рафтан is also used as a helper verb. Here are some examples –
хоб рафтан: to sleep
аз даст рафтан: to lose
аз ёд рафтан: to forget
хун рафтан: to bleed

ҷинояткор

ҷинояткор: criminal

Ҷинояткор бо мақсади дуздӣ ба бонк даромад.
The criminal entered the bank with the intention of theft.
Агар симкортатро ҷинояткор истифода кунад, ту ҳам ҷинояткорӣ.
If a criminal uses your SIM card, you are also a criminal.

Bonus:
When you add the suffix кор to a noun, you produce another noun that is person.
In this case, ҷиноят means crime. The person that does the crime is ҷинояткор.
For more examples of adding the suffix кор to a noun to make another noun that is a person, see this pdf: Expand Your Vocabulary: Suffixes.