пӯлод

пӯлод: steel

Милтиқу тӯп аз пӯлод сохта мешаванд.
Guns and cannons are made from steel.
Корду қайчӣ низ аз пӯлод сохта мешаванд.
Knives and scissors are also made from steel.


Bonus: 
If you want to ask what something is made from you can do it like this:
Корду қайчӣ аз чӣ сохта мешавад?
What are knives and scissors made from?

порсол

порсол: last year

Ин китобро ман порсол харида будам.
I bought this book last year.
Порсол дар Тоҷикистон беш аз 1200 тонна пилла истеҳсол шуда буд.
Last year in Tajikistan more than 1200 tons of silk cocoons were produced.


Bonus: 
Try to use the word “порсол” five times today in your conversations.
Find out how to say “two years ago” or “the year before last”.

гузаранда

гузаранда: contagious, infectious

Илми тиб касалиҳоро ба ду навъ ҷудо мекунад: касалиҳои гузаранда ва касалиҳои нагузаранда.
Medical science divides illnesses into two types: infectious diseases and non-infectious diseases.


Bonus: 
Ask a friend to give you examples of infectious diseases and non-infectious diseases.
In English we can describe other things as being contagious, for example, laughter. In Tajik, can something other than a disease be contagious?