шарқӣ: eastern
The climate in the eastern Pamirs is cold and dry.
Айвони Сулаймон, ки дар девори шарқӣ буд, 250 метр дарозӣ дошт.
Solomon’s Porch, which was on the eastern side, had a length of 250 metres.
Resources for learning the Tajik language
Bonus:
бо як овоз: with one voice, unanimous
овозхон: singer
овоз додан: to announce, to vote
аз овоз мондан: to not be able to speak
The first sentence uses third person plural, which is more common than using the passive voice. You could also translate it as, “They don’t speak with a loud voice in the hospital”.
Bonus:
нӯшиданӣ: drinking
оби нӯшиданӣ: drinking water
оби тозаи нӯшиданӣ: clean drinking water
The suffix -нӯшӣ also means drinking, as in:
қаҳванӯшӣ: coffee-drinking
арақнӯшӣ: vodka-drinking
майнӯшӣ: wine-drinking
чойнӯшӣ: tea-drinking
фарҳанги чойнӯшӣ: culture of tea-drinking
дӯкони қаҳванӯшӣ: coffee shop
Bonus:
навард: present tense stem of навардидан
навардидан: to wrap, to travel
Навард is used in compound words and has the meaning of “traveller”.
раҳнавард: hiker, walker
қайҳоннавард: astronaut
кӯҳнавард: mountaineer
In written material the plural ending -он is more common than -ҳо. The plural ending -он is only used for animate objects (living things), although there are also some exceptions.
Bonus:
бесутунмӯҳра: invertebrates
сутунмӯҳра: spine
The suffix дор is from the verb доштан, to have. It is a very common suffix. Here are a few more examples:
остиндор: with sleeves, having sleeves
болдор: winged, with wings
бачадор: having a child/children
пулдор: wealthy, having money
таҷрибадор: experienced, having experience
чахрдор: wheeled, having wheels
хордор: thorny, having thorns
Bonus:
табиатдӯст: nature lover
табиатшинос: naturalist, one who studies nature
This word can also be used in compound words to describe the nature of a person.
хуштабиат: good-natured
дағалтабиат: ill-natured, rude
нармтабиат: gentle-natured
Bonus:
Synonym: нимгарм
шир: milk
гарм: hot, warm
Ширгарм is the temperature of fresh milk.
The first sentence comes from a website with instructions for making pillau (ош) – Оши палав.
Bonus:
Кадом can also often be translated as “what”.
кадом вақт: what time
кадом рӯз: which day
аз кадом шахс: from which person; from who
аз кадом тараф: from which side
ҳеҷ кадом: none, not one (for example, none of them)
ба кадом сабаб: for which reason; why
Bonus:
таърихи бисёрҳазорсола: history of many thousands of years
таърихи қариб сеҳазорсола: history of almost three thousand years
дар давоми ҳазорсолаҳо: during the course of thousands of years