Tag: noun

тирукамон

тирукамон: rainbow

Дирўз баъди борон тирукамон баромад.
Yesterday after the rain a rainbow came out.
Тирукамони ҳафтранг пайдо шуд.
A seven-coloured rainbow appeared.
Bonus:
Sometimes two words or verb stems can be combined with у to form a new word.
тирукамон: rainbow – тир:arrow, камон:bow
рафтуомад: relationship – рафт: past tense stem of to go, омад: past tense stem of to come
нигоҳубин: care – нигоҳ: a look, бин – present tense stem of to see

тарафдор

тарафдор: supporter

Кӣ тарафдор ва кӣ мухолиф?
Who is a supporter and who is an adversary? (Who is for and who is against?)
Касе, ки тарафдори Ман нест, дар асл муқобили Ман аст.
The person who is not a follower of me is in fact against me.
Bonus:
тараф (side) + дор (from доштан: to have) = тарафдор (someone who is on the same side)
For more examples of words that use the suffix дор, see this pdf.

муаллиф

муаллиф: author

Муаллифи ин китоб кист?
Who is the author of this book?
Муаллим дар бораи муаллифи китоб маълумот медиҳад.
The teacher gives information about the author of the book.

Bonus:
You can tell that this word is Arabic in origin because of the pattern of letters – муа??и?, where the ?? is a double consonant. Other examples would be муаллим, муаззин, муассис.
Other related words are таълиф: writing (noun), and алиф which is the first letter of the Tajik Arabic alphabet.

даст

даст: hand

Хӯрокро бо даст мехӯранд.
They eat (their) food with their hands.
Нонро ҳеҷ гоҳ бо як даст нашикан.
Don’t ever break naan (bread) with one hand.

Bonus:
The sentence about not breaking bread with one hand was in a list of good manners. There are a lot of “rules” to do with bread and eating, but that was a new one to me. If you know of other rules or etiquette to do with eating and you want to comment, you can do that below.

ғалаба

ғалаба: victory

Рӯзи Ғалаба муборак!
Happy Victory Day!
Муштзани тоҷик Соҳиб Усаров ғалабаи 21-уми худро ба даст овард.
The Tajik boxer Sohib Usarov earned his 21st victory.

Bonus:
Some other words related to ғалаба:
ғолиб: victorious
ғолибона: victoriously

донишҷӯ

донишҷӯ: student

Ту донишҷӯӣ?
Are you a university student?
Дар факултаи мо панҷоҳ нафар донишҷӯ таҳсил мекунад.
Fifty students study in our department.

Bonus:
донишҷӯ = дон + иш + ҷӯ
дон – present tense stem of донистан: to know
дониш – adding the suffix иш makes a noun, дониш: knowledge
ҷӯ – present tense stem of ҷӯстан: to look for, to seek
донишҷӯ = knowledge seeker
Донишҷӯ is used for university students. A student in school would be талаба.

ташкилот

ташкилот: organization

Донишгоҳ бо 16 ташкилоти байналмилалӣ шартномаи ҳамкорӣ дорад
The university has cooperation contracts with 16 international organizations.

Bonus:
Some Tajik nouns that are Arabic in origin may retain their Arabic plural -от, for example ҳайвон:animal and ҳайвонот: animals. In some cases, however the Arabic plural form now has a new meaning that is singular, as in the case of today’s word. Ташкилот is a singular word.

дарё

дарё: river

Дарозтарин дарё дар ҷаҳон дарёи Нил мебошад..
The longest river in the world is the river Nile.
Дарёи Вахш зимистон камоб мешавад.
The Vakhsh river is shallow in the winter.

Bonus:
ча is a suffix that can be used to mean something small. So дарёча is a small river, or a stream.

қулла

қулла: summit, peak

Писар ба қуллаи кӯҳ баромадан гирифт.
The boy kept climbing to the summit of the mountain.
Баландтарин қулла дар Помир – қуллаи Исмоили Сомонӣ мебошад.
The highest peak in the Pamirs is the Ismoil Somoni peak.

Bonus:
A few lines of a poem from Лоиқ Шералӣ:
Аз баҳоре то баҳоре рафтаам,
Аз нигоре то нигоре рафтаам.
Умри ман чун қулла пушти қулла буд,
Аз бароре то бароре рафтаам.
The whole poem can be found here.